[PATCH V2 uhttpd] ubus: add new RESTful API

Nicolas Pace nico at libre.ws
Fri Jul 31 08:31:46 EDT 2020


On 7/31/20 1:49 AM, Rafał Miłecki wrote:
> From: Rafał Miłecki <rafal at milecki.pl>
> 
> Initial uhttpd ubus API was fully based on JSON-RPC. That restricted it
> from supporting ubus notifications that don't fit its model.
> 
> Notifications require protocol that allows server to send data without
> being polled. There are two candidates for that:
> 1. Server-sent events

I did a quick and dirty implementation of it some time ago, that works
with everything as it is.
You might want to check it out.
https://bugs.openwrt.org/index.php?do=details&task_id=2248

Still, eager to see this work done!

> 2. WebSocket
> 
> The later one is overcomplex for this simple task so ideally uhttps ubus
> should support text-based server-sent events. It's not possible with
> JSON-RPC without violating it. Specification requires server to reply
> with Response object. Replying with text/event-stream is not allowed.
> 
> All above led to designing new API that:
> 1. Uses GET and POST requests
> 2. Makes use of RESTful URLs
> 3. Uses JSON-RPC in cleaner form and only for calling ubus methods
> 
> This new API allows:
> 1. Listing all ubus objects and their methods using GET <prefix>/list
> 2. Listing object methods using GET <prefix>/list/<path>
> 3. Listening to object notifications with GET <prefix>/subscribe/<path>
> 4. Calling ubus methods using POST <prefix>/call/<path>
> 
> JSON-RPC custom protocol was also simplified to:
> 1. Use "method" member for ubus object method name
>    It was possible thanks to using RESTful URLs. Previously "method"
>    had to be "list" or "call".
> 2. Reply with Error object on ubus method call error
>    This simplified "result" member format as it doesn't need to contain
>    ubus result code anymore.
> 
> This patch doesn't break or change the old API. The biggest downside of
> the new API is no support for batch requests. It's cost of using RESTful
> URLs. It should not matter much as uhttpd supports keep alive.
> 
> Example usages:
> 
> 1. Getting all objects and their methods:
> $ curl http://192.168.1.1/ubus/list
> {
> 	"dhcp": {
> 		"ipv4leases": {
> 
> 		},
> 		"ipv6leases": {
> 
> 		}
> 	},
> 	"log": {
> 		"read": {
> 			"lines": "number",
> 			"stream": "boolean",
> 			"oneshot": "boolean"
> 		},
> 		"write": {
> 			"event": "string"
> 		}
> 	}
> }
> 
> 2. Getting object methods:
> $ curl http://192.168.1.1/ubus/list/log
> {
> 	"read": {
> 		"lines": "number",
> 		"stream": "boolean",
> 		"oneshot": "boolean"
> 	},
> 	"write": {
> 		"event": "string"
> 	}
> }
> 
> 3. Subscribing to notifications:
> $ curl http://192.168.1.1/ubus/subscribe/foo
> event: status
> data: {"count":5}
> 
> 4. Calling ubus object method:
> $ curl -d '{
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "id": 1,
>     "method": "login",
>     "params": {"username": "root", "password": "password" }
> }' http://192.168.1.1/ubus/call/session
> {
> 	"jsonrpc": "2.0",
> 	"id": 1,
> 	"result": {
> 		"ubus_rpc_session": "01234567890123456789012345678901",
> 		(...)
> 	}
> }
> 
> $ curl -H 'Authorization: Bearer 01234567890123456789012345678901' -d '{
>     "jsonrpc": "2.0",
>     "id": 1,
>     "method": "write",
>     "params": {"event": "Hello world" }
> }' http://192.168.1.1/ubus/call/log
> {
> 	"jsonrpc": "2.0",
> 	"id": 1,
> 	"result": null
> }
> 
> Signed-off-by: Rafał Miłecki <rafal at milecki.pl>
> ---
> V2: Use "Authorization" with Bearer for rpcd session id / token
>     Treat missing session id as UH_UBUS_DEFAULT_SID
>     Fix "result" format (was: "result":{{"foo":"bar"}})
> ---
>  main.c   |   8 +-
>  ubus.c   | 326 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>  uhttpd.h |   5 +
>  3 files changed, 318 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
> index 26e74ec..73e3d42 100644
> --- a/main.c
> +++ b/main.c
> @@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ static int usage(const char *name)
>  		"	-U file         Override ubus socket path\n"
>  		"	-a              Do not authenticate JSON-RPC requests against UBUS session api\n"
>  		"	-X		Enable CORS HTTP headers on JSON-RPC api\n"
> +		"	-e		Events subscription reconnection time (retry value)\n"
>  #endif
>  		"	-x string       URL prefix for CGI handler, default is '/cgi-bin'\n"
>  		"	-y alias[=path]	URL alias handle\n"
> @@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  	init_defaults_pre();
>  	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
>  
> -	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "A:aC:c:Dd:E:fh:H:I:i:K:k:L:l:m:N:n:P:p:qRr:Ss:T:t:U:u:Xx:y:")) != -1) {
> +	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "A:aC:c:Dd:E:e:fh:H:I:i:K:k:L:l:m:N:n:P:p:qRr:Ss:T:t:U:u:Xx:y:")) != -1) {
>  		switch(ch) {
>  #ifdef HAVE_TLS
>  		case 'C':
> @@ -490,11 +491,16 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
>  		case 'X':
>  			conf.ubus_cors = 1;
>  			break;
> +
> +		case 'e':
> +			conf.events_retry = atoi(optarg);
> +			break;
>  #else
>  		case 'a':
>  		case 'u':
>  		case 'U':
>  		case 'X':
> +		case 'e':
>  			fprintf(stderr, "uhttpd: UBUS support not compiled, "
>  			                "ignoring -%c\n", ch);
>  			break;
> diff --git a/ubus.c b/ubus.c
> index c22e07a..fd907db 100644
> --- a/ubus.c
> +++ b/ubus.c
> @@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ struct rpc_data {
>  
>  struct list_data {
>  	bool verbose;
> +	bool add_object;
>  	struct blob_buf *buf;
>  };
>  
> @@ -154,14 +155,14 @@ static void uh_ubus_add_cors_headers(struct client *cl)
>  	ustream_printf(cl->us, "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true\r\n");
>  }
>  
> -static void uh_ubus_send_header(struct client *cl)
> +static void uh_ubus_send_header(struct client *cl, int code, const char *summary, const char *content_type)
>  {
> -	ops->http_header(cl, 200, "OK");
> +	ops->http_header(cl, code, summary);
>  
>  	if (conf.ubus_cors)
>  		uh_ubus_add_cors_headers(cl);
>  
> -	ustream_printf(cl->us, "Content-Type: application/json\r\n");
> +	ustream_printf(cl->us, "Content-Type: %s\r\n", content_type);
>  
>  	if (cl->request.method == UH_HTTP_MSG_OPTIONS)
>  		ustream_printf(cl->us, "Content-Length: 0\r\n");
> @@ -217,12 +218,165 @@ static void uh_ubus_json_rpc_error(struct client *cl, enum rpc_error type)
>  	uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
>  }
>  
> +static void uh_ubus_error(struct client *cl, int code, const char *message)
> +{
> +	blobmsg_add_u32(&buf, "code", code);
> +	blobmsg_add_string(&buf, "message", message);
> +	uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +}
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_posix_error(struct client *cl, int err)
> +{
> +	uh_ubus_error(cl, -err, strerror(err));
> +}
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_ubus_error(struct client *cl, int err)
> +{
> +	uh_ubus_error(cl, err, ubus_strerror(err));
> +}
> +
> +/* GET requests handling */
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_list_cb(struct ubus_context *ctx, struct ubus_object_data *obj, void *priv);
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_handle_get_list(struct client *cl, const char *path)
> +{
> +	static struct blob_buf tmp;
> +	struct list_data data = { .verbose = true, .add_object = !path, .buf = &tmp};
> +	struct blob_attr *cur;
> +	int rem;
> +	int err;
> +
> +	blob_buf_init(&tmp, 0);
> +
> +	err = ubus_lookup(ctx, path, uh_ubus_list_cb, &data);
> +	if (err) {
> +		uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 500, "Ubus Protocol Error", "application/json");
> +		uh_ubus_ubus_error(cl, err);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
> +	blob_for_each_attr(cur, tmp.head, rem)
> +		blobmsg_add_blob(&buf, cur);
> +	uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +}
> +
> +static int uh_ubus_subscription_notification_cb(struct ubus_context *ctx,
> +						struct ubus_object *obj,
> +						struct ubus_request_data *req,
> +						const char *method,
> +						struct blob_attr *msg)
> +{
> +	struct ubus_subscriber *s;
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du;
> +	struct client *cl;
> +	char *json;
> +
> +	s = container_of(obj, struct ubus_subscriber, obj);
> +	du = container_of(s, struct dispatch_ubus, sub);
> +	cl = container_of(du, struct client, dispatch.ubus);
> +
> +	json = blobmsg_format_json(msg, true);
> +	if (json) {
> +		ops->chunk_printf(cl, "event: %s\ndata: %s\n\n", method, json);
> +		free(json);
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_subscription_notification_remove_cb(struct ubus_context *ctx, struct ubus_subscriber *s, uint32_t id)
> +{
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du;
> +	struct client *cl;
> +
> +	du = container_of(s, struct dispatch_ubus, sub);
> +	cl = container_of(du, struct client, dispatch.ubus);
> +
> +	ops->request_done(cl);
> +}
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_handle_get_subscribe(struct client *cl, const char *sid, const char *path)
> +{
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
> +	uint32_t id;
> +	int err;
> +
> +	/* TODO: add ACL support */
> +	if (!conf.ubus_noauth) {
> +		uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
> +		uh_ubus_posix_error(cl, EACCES);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	du->sub.cb = uh_ubus_subscription_notification_cb;
> +	du->sub.remove_cb = uh_ubus_subscription_notification_remove_cb;
> +
> +	uh_client_ref(cl);
> +
> +	err = ubus_register_subscriber(ctx, &du->sub);
> +	if (err)
> +		goto err_unref;
> +
> +	err = ubus_lookup_id(ctx, path, &id);
> +	if (err)
> +		goto err_unregister;
> +
> +	err = ubus_subscribe(ctx, &du->sub, id);
> +	if (err)
> +		goto err_unregister;
> +
> +	uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "text/event-stream");
> +
> +	if (conf.events_retry)
> +		ops->chunk_printf(cl, "retry: %d\n", conf.events_retry);
> +
> +	return;
> +
> +err_unregister:
> +	ubus_unregister_subscriber(ctx, &du->sub);
> +err_unref:
> +	uh_client_unref(cl);
> +	if (err) {
> +		uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
> +		uh_ubus_ubus_error(cl, err);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_handle_get(struct client *cl)
> +{
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
> +	const char *url = du->url;
> +
> +	url += strlen(conf.ubus_prefix);
> +
> +	if (!strcmp(url, "/list") || !strncmp(url, "/list/", strlen("/list/"))) {
> +		url += strlen("/list");
> +
> +		uh_ubus_handle_get_list(cl, *url ? url + 1 : NULL);
> +	} else if (!strncmp(url, "/subscribe/", strlen("/subscribe/"))) {
> +		url += strlen("/subscribe");
> +
> +		uh_ubus_handle_get_subscribe(cl, NULL, url + 1);
> +	} else {
> +		ops->http_header(cl, 404, "Not Found");
> +		ustream_printf(cl->us, "\r\n");
> +		ops->request_done(cl);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +/* POST requests handling */
> +
>  static void
>  uh_ubus_request_data_cb(struct ubus_request *req, int type, struct blob_attr *msg)
>  {
>  	struct dispatch_ubus *du = container_of(req, struct dispatch_ubus, req);
> +	struct blob_attr *cur;
> +	int len;
>  
> -	blobmsg_add_field(&du->buf, BLOBMSG_TYPE_TABLE, "", blob_data(msg), blob_len(msg));
> +	blob_for_each_attr(cur, msg, len)
> +		blobmsg_add_blob(&du->buf, cur);
>  }
>  
>  static void
> @@ -235,13 +389,46 @@ uh_ubus_request_cb(struct ubus_request *req, int ret)
>  	int rem;
>  
>  	uloop_timeout_cancel(&du->timeout);
> -	uh_ubus_init_json_rpc_response(cl);
> -	r = blobmsg_open_array(&buf, "result");
> -	blobmsg_add_u32(&buf, "", ret);
> -	blob_for_each_attr(cur, du->buf.head, rem)
> -		blobmsg_add_blob(&buf, cur);
> -	blobmsg_close_array(&buf, r);
> -	uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +
> +	/* Legacy format always uses "result" array - even for errors and empty
> +	 * results. */
> +	if (du->legacy) {
> +		void *c;
> +
> +		uh_ubus_init_json_rpc_response(cl);
> +		r = blobmsg_open_array(&buf, "result");
> +		blobmsg_add_u32(&buf, "", ret);
> +		c = blobmsg_open_table(&buf, NULL);
> +		blob_for_each_attr(cur, du->buf.head, rem)
> +			blobmsg_add_blob(&buf, cur);
> +		blobmsg_close_table(&buf, c);
> +		blobmsg_close_array(&buf, r);
> +		uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (ret) {
> +		void *c;
> +
> +		uh_ubus_init_json_rpc_response(cl);
> +		c = blobmsg_open_table(&buf, "error");
> +		blobmsg_add_u32(&buf, "code", ret);
> +		blobmsg_add_string(&buf, "message", ubus_strerror(ret));
> +		blobmsg_close_table(&buf, c);
> +		uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +	} else {
> +		uh_ubus_init_json_rpc_response(cl);
> +		if (blob_len(du->buf.head)) {
> +			r = blobmsg_open_table(&buf, "result");
> +			blob_for_each_attr(cur, du->buf.head, rem)
> +				blobmsg_add_blob(&buf, cur);
> +			blobmsg_close_table(&buf, r);
> +		} else {
> +			blobmsg_add_field(&buf, BLOBMSG_TYPE_UNSPEC, "result", NULL, 0);
> +		}
> +		uh_ubus_send_response(cl);
> +	}
> +
>  }
>  
>  static void
> @@ -282,7 +469,7 @@ static void uh_ubus_request_free(struct client *cl)
>  
>  static void uh_ubus_single_error(struct client *cl, enum rpc_error type)
>  {
> -	uh_ubus_send_header(cl);
> +	uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
>  	uh_ubus_json_rpc_error(cl, type);
>  	ops->request_done(cl);
>  }
> @@ -335,7 +522,8 @@ static void uh_ubus_list_cb(struct ubus_context *ctx, struct ubus_object_data *o
>  	if (!obj->signature)
>  		return;
>  
> -	o = blobmsg_open_table(data->buf, obj->path);
> +	if (data->add_object)
> +		o = blobmsg_open_table(data->buf, obj->path);
>  	blob_for_each_attr(sig, obj->signature, rem) {
>  		t = blobmsg_open_table(data->buf, blobmsg_name(sig));
>  		rem2 = blobmsg_data_len(sig);
> @@ -366,13 +554,14 @@ static void uh_ubus_list_cb(struct ubus_context *ctx, struct ubus_object_data *o
>  		}
>  		blobmsg_close_table(data->buf, t);
>  	}
> -	blobmsg_close_table(data->buf, o);
> +	if (data->add_object)
> +		blobmsg_close_table(data->buf, o);
>  }
>  
>  static void uh_ubus_send_list(struct client *cl, struct blob_attr *params)
>  {
>  	struct blob_attr *cur, *dup;
> -	struct list_data data = { .buf = &cl->dispatch.ubus.buf, .verbose = false };
> +	struct list_data data = { .buf = &cl->dispatch.ubus.buf, .verbose = false, .add_object = true };
>  	void *r;
>  	int rem;
>  
> @@ -471,7 +660,7 @@ static void uh_ubus_init_batch(struct client *cl)
>  	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
>  
>  	du->array = true;
> -	uh_ubus_send_header(cl);
> +	uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
>  	ops->chunk_printf(cl, "[");
>  }
>  
> @@ -594,7 +783,7 @@ static void uh_ubus_data_done(struct client *cl)
>  
>  	switch (obj ? json_object_get_type(obj) : json_type_null) {
>  	case json_type_object:
> -		uh_ubus_send_header(cl);
> +		uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
>  		return uh_ubus_handle_request_object(cl, obj);
>  	case json_type_array:
>  		uh_ubus_init_batch(cl);
> @@ -604,6 +793,96 @@ static void uh_ubus_data_done(struct client *cl)
>  	}
>  }
>  
> +static void uh_ubus_call(struct client *cl, const char *path, const char *sid)
> +{
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
> +	struct json_object *obj = du->jsobj;
> +	struct rpc_data data = {};
> +	enum rpc_error err = ERROR_PARSE;
> +	static struct blob_buf req;
> +
> +	uh_client_ref(cl);
> +
> +	if (!obj || json_object_get_type(obj) != json_type_object)
> +		goto error;
> +
> +	uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
> +
> +	du->jsobj_cur = obj;
> +	blob_buf_init(&req, 0);
> +	if (!blobmsg_add_object(&req, obj))
> +		goto error;
> +
> +	if (!parse_json_rpc(&data, req.head))
> +		goto error;
> +
> +	du->func = data.method;
> +	if (ubus_lookup_id(ctx, path, &du->obj)) {
> +		err = ERROR_OBJECT;
> +		goto error;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (!conf.ubus_noauth && !uh_ubus_allowed(sid, path, data.method)) {
> +		err = ERROR_ACCESS;
> +		goto error;
> +	}
> +
> +	uh_ubus_send_request(cl, sid, data.params);
> +	goto out;
> +
> +error:
> +	uh_ubus_json_rpc_error(cl, err);
> +out:
> +	if (data.params)
> +		free(data.params);
> +
> +	uh_client_unref(cl);
> +}
> +
> +enum ubus_hdr {
> +	HDR_AUTHORIZATION,
> +	__HDR_UBUS_MAX
> +};
> +
> +static void uh_ubus_handle_post(struct client *cl)
> +{
> +	static const struct blobmsg_policy hdr_policy[__HDR_UBUS_MAX] = {
> +		[HDR_AUTHORIZATION] = { "authorization", BLOBMSG_TYPE_STRING },
> +	};
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
> +	struct blob_attr *tb[__HDR_UBUS_MAX];
> +	const char *url = du->url;
> +	const char *auth;
> +
> +	if (!strcmp(url, conf.ubus_prefix)) {
> +		du->legacy = true;
> +		uh_ubus_data_done(cl);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	blobmsg_parse(hdr_policy, __HDR_UBUS_MAX, tb, blob_data(cl->hdr.head), blob_len(cl->hdr.head));
> +
> +	auth = UH_UBUS_DEFAULT_SID;
> +	if (tb[HDR_AUTHORIZATION]) {
> +		const char *tmp = blobmsg_get_string(tb[HDR_AUTHORIZATION]);
> +
> +		if (!strncasecmp(tmp, "Bearer ", 7))
> +			auth = tmp + 7;
> +	}
> +
> +	url += strlen(conf.ubus_prefix);
> +
> +	if (!strncmp(url, "/call/", strlen("/call/"))) {
> +		url += strlen("/call/");
> +
> +		uh_ubus_call(cl, url, auth);
> +	} else {
> +		ops->http_header(cl, 404, "Not Found");
> +		ustream_printf(cl->us, "\r\n");
> +		ops->request_done(cl);
> +	}
> +}
> +
>  static int uh_ubus_data_send(struct client *cl, const char *data, int len)
>  {
>  	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &cl->dispatch.ubus;
> @@ -626,21 +905,28 @@ error:
>  static void uh_ubus_handle_request(struct client *cl, char *url, struct path_info *pi)
>  {
>  	struct dispatch *d = &cl->dispatch;
> +	struct dispatch_ubus *du = &d->ubus;
>  
>  	blob_buf_init(&buf, 0);
>  
> +	du->url = url;
> +	du->legacy = false;
> +
>  	switch (cl->request.method)
>  	{
> +	case UH_HTTP_MSG_GET:
> +		uh_ubus_handle_get(cl);
> +		break;
>  	case UH_HTTP_MSG_POST:
>  		d->data_send = uh_ubus_data_send;
> -		d->data_done = uh_ubus_data_done;
> +		d->data_done = uh_ubus_handle_post;
>  		d->close_fds = uh_ubus_close_fds;
>  		d->free = uh_ubus_request_free;
> -		d->ubus.jstok = json_tokener_new();
> +		du->jstok = json_tokener_new();
>  		break;
>  
>  	case UH_HTTP_MSG_OPTIONS:
> -		uh_ubus_send_header(cl);
> +		uh_ubus_send_header(cl, 200, "OK", "application/json");
>  		ops->request_done(cl);
>  		break;
>  
> diff --git a/uhttpd.h b/uhttpd.h
> index f77718e..75dd747 100644
> --- a/uhttpd.h
> +++ b/uhttpd.h
> @@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ struct config {
>  	int ubus_noauth;
>  	int ubus_cors;
>  	int cgi_prefix_len;
> +	int events_retry;
>  	struct list_head cgi_alias;
>  	struct list_head lua_prefix;
>  };
> @@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ struct dispatch_ubus {
>  	struct json_tokener *jstok;
>  	struct json_object *jsobj;
>  	struct json_object *jsobj_cur;
> +	const char *url;
>  	int post_len;
>  
>  	uint32_t obj;
> @@ -218,6 +220,9 @@ struct dispatch_ubus {
>  	bool req_pending;
>  	bool array;
>  	int array_idx;
> +	bool legacy; /* Got legacy request => use legacy reply */
> +
> +	struct ubus_subscriber sub;
>  };
>  #endif
>  
> 



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